Why Is My Dog Shaking?

Dogs communicate a lot through their body language, but one behavior that often leaves owners puzzled and concerned is shaking. While some shaking is normal, such as after a bath or during excitement, excessive or unexplained trembling could indicate an underlying issue. In this article, we’ll explore the potential reasons why your dog may be shaking, the signs to watch for, and when to seek veterinary care.

Common Reasons Why Dogs Shake

1. Excitement or Happiness

Dogs often shake when they are overly excited or happy. This is especially common when they are greeting you after a long absence or anticipating something enjoyable, like a walk or treat. This type of shaking is generally harmless and subsides once the excitement fades.

2. Cold or Hypothermia

Like humans, dogs can shake when they are cold. Smaller breeds, short-haired dogs, and those with little body fat are especially prone to shivering in low temperatures. If your dog’s shaking coincides with exposure to cold weather or water, they may simply need a warm blanket or coat.

3. Anxiety or Fear

Triggers for Anxiety

• Loud noises, such as fireworks or thunderstorms

• Separation from their owner

• New environments or unfamiliar situations

Anxiety-induced shaking often occurs alongside other signs, such as pacing, whining, or hiding. Addressing the source of the anxiety and providing reassurance can help alleviate the shaking.

4. Pain or Discomfort

Shaking can be a subtle sign of pain or discomfort. Common causes include:

• Injuries, such as sprains or fractures

• Arthritis or joint pain in older dogs

• Internal issues, like stomach discomfort

If your dog is shaking and showing signs of distress, such as limping, vocalizing, or avoiding movement, consult a veterinarian.

5. Illness or Medical Conditions

Generalized Tremor Syndrome (GTS)

Also known as “shaker syndrome,” this condition causes full-body tremors in dogs. It is most commonly seen in small breeds like Maltese and West Highland White Terriers. The cause is unknown, but it is treatable with corticosteroids prescribed by a vet.

Neurological Disorders

Shaking can result from conditions affecting the nervous system, such as seizures or vestibular disease. Neurological shaking is often accompanied by other symptoms like unsteady walking, head tilting, or abnormal eye movements.

Canine Distemper

This viral infection can cause shaking, along with other symptoms like fever, coughing, and nasal discharge. Distemper is preventable through vaccinations but can be severe or fatal if untreated.

Kidney Disease

Trembling or shaking may indicate kidney problems, particularly if accompanied by vomiting, lethargy, or changes in appetite and urination.

6. Toxicity or Poisoning

Ingesting toxic substances, such as chocolate, xylitol, certain plants, or household chemicals, can lead to shaking. Other signs of poisoning include vomiting, drooling, and seizures. If you suspect your dog has ingested something harmful, seek emergency veterinary care immediately.

7. Age-Related Changes

Senior dogs may experience trembling as part of the aging process. Muscle weakness, arthritis, or neurological decline can contribute to shaking in older dogs. Regular vet check-ups can help manage age-related issues effectively.

8. Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)

Small breeds and puppies are prone to hypoglycemia, especially if they miss a meal or exert too much energy. Shaking due to low blood sugar is often accompanied by lethargy and weakness. Feeding your dog or providing a vet-recommended glucose supplement can help.

9. Overheating or Heatstroke

Dogs may tremble if they are overheated or experiencing heatstroke. This condition is life-threatening and requires immediate attention. Signs of heatstroke include excessive panting, drooling, and disorientation.

How to Determine the Cause of Shaking

Observe Additional Symptoms

Pay attention to any accompanying signs, such as:

• Changes in behavior (e.g., hiding, whining, or aggression)

• Vomiting or diarrhea

• Loss of appetite

• Difficulty walking or standing

• Unusual eye movements or head tilting

Consider the Context

• When did the shaking start?

• Were there any triggering events, such as loud noises or exposure to cold?

• Is the shaking localized or affecting the entire body?

Seek Veterinary Care

If you’re unsure why your dog is shaking or if it persists despite your efforts to alleviate it, consult a veterinarian. They can perform a physical examination, run diagnostic tests, and recommend treatment options.

When to Seek Immediate Help

Contact your veterinarian or an emergency clinic if your dog’s shaking is accompanied by:

• Seizures

• Vomiting or diarrhea

• Difficulty breathing

• Signs of pain or distress

• Sudden weakness or collapse

How to Help a Shaking Dog

Provide Comfort and Warmth

If your dog is shaking due to cold or fear, offer a warm blanket and a safe, quiet space. Avoid scolding them, as this can increase their stress.

Address Anxiety

• Use calming aids, such as anxiety wraps, pheromone diffusers, or vet-recommended medications.

• Gradually desensitize your dog to anxiety triggers, like loud noises, through positive reinforcement.

Keep Them Hydrated and Nourished

Ensure your dog has access to fresh water and a balanced diet. Monitor their eating habits to prevent hypoglycemia or dehydration.

Follow Veterinary Advice

For medical conditions or toxicity, follow your veterinarian’s treatment plan closely. This may include medications, dietary changes, or lifestyle adjustments.

Preventing Shaking in Dogs

Regular Vet Visits

Routine check-ups can catch health issues early and ensure your dog stays up-to-date on vaccinations and preventative care.

Avoid Exposure to Toxins

Keep toxic substances, including foods, plants, and chemicals, out of your dog’s reach.

Maintain a Comfortable Environment

Provide appropriate shelter, bedding, and temperature control to prevent discomfort from extreme weather.

Monitor Activity Levels

Ensure your dog gets regular exercise without overexerting themselves, especially in hot or cold conditions.

FAQ: Common Questions About Dog Shaking

Is it normal for dogs to shake?

Occasional shaking, such as from excitement or cold, is normal. Persistent or unexplained shaking may indicate an underlying issue that requires attention.

Can stress cause my dog to shake?

Yes, anxiety or fear can lead to shaking. Identifying and addressing the source of stress can help reduce this behavior.

What should I do if my dog is shaking and vomiting?

Shaking accompanied by vomiting could indicate toxicity, illness, or other serious conditions. Seek immediate veterinary care.

Why is my senior dog shaking?

Older dogs may shake due to age-related issues like arthritis, muscle weakness, or neurological changes. Regular vet visits can help manage these conditions.

Can shaking be a sign of pain?

Yes, dogs may shake as a response to pain or discomfort. Look for additional signs, such as limping or vocalizing, and consult a veterinarian.

How can I prevent my dog from shaking?

Prevent shaking by providing a safe, comfortable environment, addressing health issues promptly, and maintaining regular veterinary care.